
Brazilians often say they live in a continent rather than a country,
and that's an excusable exaggeration. The landmass is bigger than
the United States if you exclude Alaska. Brazil has no mountains
to compare with its Andean neighbours, but in every other respect
it has all the scenic – and cultural – variety you would
expect from so vast a country.
Despite the immense expanses of the interior, roughly two-thirds
of Brazil's population live on or near the coast; and well over
half live in cities – even in the Amazon. In Rio and São
Paulo, Brazil has two of the world's great metropolises, and nine
other cities have over a million inhabitants. Yet Brazil still thinks
of itself as a frontier country, and certainly the deeper into the
interior you go, the thinner the population becomes.
Brazilians are one of the most ethnically diverse peoples in the
world: in the extreme south, German and Italian immigration has
left distinctive European features; São Paulo has the world's
largest Japanese community outside Japan; there's a large black
population concentrated in Rio and Salvador; while the Indian influence
is most visible in the people of Amazônia and the Northeastern
interior.
Brazil is a land of profound economic contradictions. Rapid postwar
industrialization made Brazil one of the world's ten largest economies
and put it among the most developed of Third World countries. But
this has not improved the lot of the vast majority of Brazilians.
The cities are dotted with favelas, shantytowns that crowd the skyscrapers,
and the contrast between rich and poor is one of the most glaring
anywhere. Brazil has enormous natural resources but their exploitation
so far has benefited just a few. The IMF and the greed of First
World banks must bear some of the blame for this situation, but
institutionalized corruption and the reluctance of the country's
large middle class to do anything that might jeopardize its comfortable
lifestyle are also part of the problem.
These difficulties, however, rarely seem to overshadow everyday
life in Brazil. Nowhere in the world do people know how to enjoy
themselves more – most famously in the annual orgiastic celebrations
of Carnaval, but reflected, too, in the lively year-round nightlife
that you'll find in any decent-sized town. This national hedonism
also manifests itself in Brazil's highly developed beach culture,
the country's superb music and dancing, rich regional cuisines,
and in the most relaxed and tolerant attitude to sexuality –
gay and straight – that you'll find anywhere in South America.
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